Appropriate Diet for Prevention and Management of Diabetes

الملخص

Diabetes is a major global public health challenge, with an estimated 382 million adults affected worldwide, projected to exceed 592 million by 2035. In Europe alone, at least 147 billion USD has been spent on diabetes-related healthcare, and in North America and the Caribbean, expenditures totaled 263 billion USD in 2013. Diabetes is now one of the leading causes of death among individuals under 60 years of age. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary habits, age, and weight with blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from Abu Ali Sina Balkhi Regional Teaching Hospital. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software to evaluate correlations between demographic factors, dietary habits, and glycemic control. Increased age was positively associated with improved blood glucose control (r = 0.45), whereas higher body weight was associated with poorer control (r = -0.30). Additionally, dietary habits were significantly related to glycemic control; patients who consumed three meals per day demonstrated better blood glucose management (p = 0.03). These findings underscore the critical role of proper diet and weight management in achieving effective diabetes control. The study highlights the importance of dietary regulation and weight management as key factors in type 2 diabetes management. These results can inform the development of targeted health interventions and serve as a foundation for future research aimed at improving blood glucose control strategies