Chemical Compounds of Spirulina platensis and Its Nutritional and Therapeutic Importance

الملخص

Spirulina platensis is a filamentous, unicellular, microscopic, green-blue algae that naturally grows in warm, alkaline lakes. It is a photosynthetic organism known for its rich nutritional profile and various bioactive compounds. This algae, possessing valuable nutritional elements, chemical compounds, and bioactive resources, holds significant importance in the food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnology industries. It has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a superior food. Therefore, the primary aim of this analytical review is to examine the chemical composition of Spirulina platensis and its nutritional and therapeutic significance. The findings of this research indicate that Spirulina contains a variety of nutrients, essential amino acids, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycobilins, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin. Additionally, it possesses antiviral, anticancer, and immune-boosting properties. Free radicals produced by poor nutrition, stress, and inactivity are countered by Spirulina, helping to prevent tissue damage and delay the effects of aging. As a result, Spirulina serves as a nutritional enhancer, contributing to the production of functional foods and improving digestion and nutrient absorption in the intestines due to its probiotic effects. Given its antioxidant properties, it can be utilized in the treatment of cancer and obesity, as well as in strengthening the immune system and providing neuroprotection. Spirulina not only boosts the immune system but also increases the body's capacity to produce new blood cells